Transportation Sector – Energy Use Analysis
  2000   2016 2017 2018
Total Transportation
 
Total Energy Use (PJ) 2,265.90   2,641.25 2,723.35 2,828.82
Passenger Transportation 1,275.42   1,423.82 1,445.56 1,496.99
Freight Transportation 908.94   1,099.64 1,158.25 1,209.64
Off-Road1 81.54   117.79 119.54 122.19

Energy Use by Transportation Mode (PJ)
Cars 625.46   531.69 516.97 503.79
Light Trucks 508.10   771.26 798.57 833.06
Medium Trucks 157.10   289.13 296.54 311.97
Heavy Trucks 408.19   441.29 466.74 488.10
Motorcycles 2.47   5.78 5.65 5.69
School Buses 14.69   13.65 8.21 10.96
Urban Transit 28.45   35.21 37.60 38.49
Inter-City Buses 7.14   4.32 2.85 2.41
Passenger Air 231.97   277.13 298.48 334.50
Freight Air 8.10   5.97 7.07 7.95
Passenger Rail 2.97   2.02 2.29 2.23
Freight Rail 81.51   81.29 93.07 95.16
Marine 108.23   64.72 69.78 72.31
Off-Road1 81.54   117.79 119.54 122.19

Energy Use by Energy Source (PJ)
Electricity 3.12   4.39 4.39 4.41
Natural Gas 2.38   4.05 4.64 4.51
Motor Gasoline 1,282.52   1,553.08 1,567.91 1,591.62
Diesel Fuel Oil 660.35   753.25 792.22 835.34
Ethanol 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Biodiesel Fuel 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Light Fuel Oil and Kerosene 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Heavy Fuel Oil 61.40   31.31 36.67 38.78
Aviation Gasoline 3.57   2.31 2.25 1.86
Aviation Turbo Fuel 236.50   280.79 303.30 340.59
Propane 16.06   12.08 11.96 11.70

Activity
Passenger-kilometres (millions) 610,330   803,597 832,864 856,972
Tonne-kilometres (millions) 775,466   975,944 1,013,531 1,014,827
Passenger Transportation Energy Intensity Excluding Non-Commercial Aviation (MJ/Pkm) 2.05   1.74 1.71 1.72
Freight Transportation Energy Intensity (MJ/Tkm) 1.17   1.13 1.14 1.19
Total Change in Energy Excluding Off-Road and Non-Commercial Aviation (PJ) 0.00   342.51 423.51 524.82

Energy Indicator Analysis
 
Change in Energy Due to (PJ)
Activity Effect 0.00   608.74 701.85 744.65
Structure Effect 0.00   256.56 243.42 232.59
Energy Efficiency Effect 0.00   -522.79 -521.76 -452.42

Total Passenger Transportation
 
Total Energy Use (PJ) 1,275.42   1,423.8 1,445.56 1,497.0
Total Energy Use Excluding Non-Commercial Aviation (PJ) 1,248.48   1,400.29 1,422.68 1,472.61

Energy Use by Transportation Mode (PJ)
Cars 625.46   531.69 516.97 503.79
Light Trucks 362.27   554.01 573.51 598.92
Medium Trucks 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Heavy Trucks 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Motorcycles 2.47   5.78 5.65 5.69
School Buses 14.69   13.65 8.21 10.96
Urban Transit 28.45   35.21 37.60 38.49
Inter-City Buses 7.14   4.32 2.85 2.41
Air 231.97   277.13 298.48 334.50
Rail 2.97   2.02 2.29 2.23
Marine 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Off-Road1 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00

Energy Use by Energy Source (PJ)
Electricity 3.12   4.39 4.39 4.41
Natural Gas 2.28   3.67 4.26 3.78
Motor Gasoline 971.52   1,072.82 1,077.41 1,088.82
Diesel Fuel Oil 58.97   59.77 54.98 59.63
Ethanol 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Biodiesel Fuel 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Light Fuel Oil and Kerosene 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Commercial Aviation – Aviation Gasoline 0.76   1.70 1.92 1.63
Commercial Aviation – Aviation Turbo Fuel 204.27   251.90 273.68 308.49
Non-Commercial Aviation – Aviation Gasoline 2.78   0.57 0.28 0.19
Non-Commercial Aviation – Aviation Turbo Fuel 24.16   22.96 22.60 24.19
Propane 7.55   6.05 6.02 5.85

Activity
Passenger-kilometres (millions) 610,330   803,597 832,864 856,972
Energy Intensity Excluding Non-Commercial Aviation (MJ/Pkm) 2.05   1.74 1.71 1.72
Total Change in Energy Excluding Non-Commercial Aviation (PJ) 0.00   151.81 174.21 224.13

Energy Indicator Analysis
 
Change in Energy Due to (PJ)
Activity Effect 0.00   361.5 411.95 453.2
Structure Effect 0.00   20.33 13.75 17.29
Energy Efficiency Effect 0.00   -230.01 -251.49 -246.40

Light Vehicles
 
Total Energy Use (PJ) 990.20   1,091.48 1,096.13 1,108.40

Energy Use by Transportation Mode (PJ)
Cars 625.46   531.69 516.97 503.79
Light Trucks 362.27   554.01 573.51 598.92
Motorcycles 2.47   5.78 5.65 5.69

Energy Use by Energy Source (PJ)
Natural Gas 0.98   0.43 0.29 0.18
Motor Gasoline 968.86   1,071.08 1,075.48 1,086.95
Diesel Fuel Oil 12.81   13.93 14.34 15.41
Ethanol 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Biodiesel Fuel 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Propane 7.55   6.05 6.02 5.85

Activity
Passenger-kilometres (millions) 456,442   554,139 558,577 568,088
Energy Intensity (MJ/Pkm) 2.17   1.97 1.96 1.95
Total Change in Energy (PJ) 0.00   101.28 105.93 118.20

Energy Indicator Analysis
 
Change in Energy Due to (PJ)
Activity Effect 0.00   286.60 325.72 357.17
Structure Effect 0.00   -52.18 -78.49 -87.01
Energy Efficiency Effect 0.00   -133.13 -141.30 -151.96

Cars
 
Total Energy Use (PJ) 625.46   531.69 516.97 503.79

Energy Use by Energy Source (PJ)
Natural Gas 0.98   0.42 0.28 0.18
Motor Gasoline 615.00   518.78 504.32 491.42
Diesel Fuel Oil 3.65   7.65 7.55 7.54
Ethanol 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Biodiesel Fuel 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Propane 5.83   4.83 4.82 4.65

Activity
Passenger-kilometres (millions) 311,431   299,856 292,861 287,584
Energy Intensity (MJ/Pkm) 2.01   1.77 1.77 1.75
Total Change in Energy (PJ) 0.00   -93.77 -108.49 -121.67

Energy Indicator Analysis
 
Change in Energy Due to (PJ)
Activity Effect 0.00   162.75 181.50 196.07
Structure Effect 0.00   -181.70 -212.75 -236.54
Energy Efficiency Effect 0.00   -74.82 -77.24 -81.20

Light Trucks
 
Total Energy Use (PJ) 362.27   554.01 573.51 598.92

Energy Use by Energy Source (PJ)
Natural Gas 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Motor Gasoline 351.39   546.52 565.51 589.85
Diesel Fuel Oil 9.16   6.28 6.79 7.87
Ethanol 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Biodiesel Fuel 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Propane 1.72   1.21 1.21 1.20

Activity
Passenger-kilometres (millions) 143,363   250,776 262,181 276,947
Energy Intensity (MJ/Pkm) 2.53   2.21 2.19 2.16
Total Change in Energy (PJ) 0.00   191.74 211.24 236.65

Energy Indicator Analysis
 
Change in Energy Due to (PJ)
Activity Effect 0.00   122.63 142.80 159.52
Structure Effect 0.00   128.16 133.06 148.45
Energy Efficiency Effect 0.00   -59.05 -64.62 -71.32

Motorcycles
 
Total Energy Use (PJ) 2.47   5.78 5.65 5.69

Energy Use by Energy Source (PJ)
Motor Gasoline 2.47   5.78 5.65 5.69
Ethanol 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00

Activity
Passenger-kilometres (millions) 1,649   3,507 3,535 3,557
Energy Intensity (MJ/Pkm) 1.50   1.65 1.60 1.60
Total Change in Energy (PJ) 0.00   3.32 3.18 3.22

Energy Indicator Analysis
 
Change in Energy Due to (PJ)
Activity Effect 0.00   1.22 1.42 1.58
Structure Effect 0.00   1.36 1.20 1.08
Energy Efficiency Effect 0.00   0.74 0.56 0.56

Buses
 
Total Energy Use (PJ) 50.27   53.18 48.66 51.86

Energy Use by Transportation Mode (PJ)
School Buses 14.69   13.65 8.21 10.96
Urban Transit 28.45   35.21 37.60 38.49
Inter-City Buses 7.14   4.32 2.85 2.41

Energy Use by Energy Source (PJ)
Electricity 3.12   4.39 4.39 4.41
Natural Gas 1.30   3.24 3.98 3.60
Motor Gasoline 2.67   1.74 1.94 1.87
Diesel Fuel Oil 43.18   43.82 38.36 41.98
Ethanol 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Biodiesel Fuel 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Propane 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00

Activity
Passenger-kilometres (millions) 47,458   55,406 62,259 59,186
Energy Intensity (MJ/Pkm) 1.06   0.96 0.78 0.88
Total Change in Energy (PJ) 0.00   2.91 -1.61 1.58

Energy Indicator Analysis
 
Change in Energy Due to (PJ)
Activity Effect 0.00   15.14 16.95 18.38
Structure Effect 0.00   -5.03 0.62 -2.48
Energy Efficiency Effect 0.00   -7.21 -19.17 -14.31

School Buses
 
Total Energy Use (PJ) 14.69   13.65 8.21 10.96

Energy Use by Energy Source (PJ)
Natural Gas 0.23   1.38 1.98 1.80
Motor Gasoline 1.81   1.16 1.06 0.88
Diesel Fuel Oil 12.64   11.12 5.17 8.27
Ethanol 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Biodiesel Fuel 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Propane 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00

Activity
Passenger-kilometres (millions) 23,892   30,515 33,974 31,503
Energy Intensity (MJ/Pkm) 0.61   0.45 0.24 0.35
Total Change in Energy (PJ) 0.00   -1.03 -6.47 -3.73

Energy Indicator Analysis
 
Change in Energy Due to (PJ)
Activity Effect 0.00   3.80 4.17 4.44
Structure Effect 0.00   -0.19 0.56 -0.42
Energy Efficiency Effect 0.00   -4.64 -11.21 -7.75

Urban Transit
 
Total Energy Use (PJ) 28.45   35.21 37.60 38.49

Energy Use by Energy Source (PJ)
Electricity 3.12   4.39 4.39 4.41
Natural Gas 1.06   1.86 1.99 1.80
Motor Gasoline 0.05   0.31 0.49 0.62
Diesel Fuel Oil 24.22   28.65 30.72 31.67
Ethanol 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Biodiesel Fuel 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Propane 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00

Activity
Passenger-kilometres (millions) 14,592   19,005 22,737 22,187
Energy Intensity (MJ/Pkm) 1.95   1.85 1.65 1.73
Total Change in Energy (PJ) 0.00   6.76 9.15 10.04

Energy Indicator Analysis
 
Change in Energy Due to (PJ)
Activity Effect 0.00   9.66 10.96 12.05
Structure Effect 0.00   -0.71 4.51 2.49
Energy Efficiency Effect 0.00   -2.19 -6.32 -4.50

Inter-City Buses
 
Total Energy Use (PJ) 7.14   4.32 2.85 2.41

Energy Use by Energy Source (PJ)
Natural Gas 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Motor Gasoline 0.82   0.28 0.38 0.37
Diesel Fuel Oil 6.32   4.04 2.46 2.04
Ethanol 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Biodiesel Fuel 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Propane 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00

Activity
Passenger-kilometres (millions) 8,974   5,886 5,548 5,496
Energy Intensity (MJ/Pkm) 0.80   0.73 0.51 0.44
Total Change in Energy (PJ) 0.00   -2.82 -4.29 -4.73

Energy Indicator Analysis
 
Change in Energy Due to (PJ)
Activity Effect 0.00   1.69 1.81 1.89
Structure Effect 0.00   -4.12 -4.45 -4.55
Energy Efficiency Effect 0.00   -0.38 -1.65 -2.07

Passenger Rail
 
Total Energy Use (PJ) 2.97   2.02 2.29 2.23

Energy Use by Energy Source (PJ)
Diesel Fuel Oil 2.97   2.02 2.29 2.23

Activity
Passenger-kilometres (millions) 1,549   1,408 1,529 1,530
Energy Intensity (MJ/Pkm) 1.92   1.44 1.50 1.46
Total Change in Energy (PJ) 0.00   -0.95 -0.69 -0.74

Energy Indicator Analysis
 
Change in Energy Due to (PJ)
Activity Effect 0.00   0.69 0.77 0.84
Structure Effect 0.00   -0.98 -0.88 -0.94
Energy Efficiency Effect 0.00   -0.67 -0.58 -0.63

Passenger Air
 
Total Energy Use (PJ) 231.97   277.13 298.48 334.50

Energy Use by Energy Source (PJ)
Commercial Aviation – Aviation Gasoline 0.76   1.70 1.92 1.63
Commercial Aviation – Aviation Turbo Fuel 204.27   251.90 273.68 308.49
Non-Commercial Aviation – Aviation Gasoline 2.78   0.57 0.28 0.19
Non-Commercial Aviation – Aviation Turbo Fuel 24.16   22.96 22.60 24.19

Activity
Passenger-kilometres (millions) 104,882   192,644 210,500 228,169
Energy Intensity Excluding Non-Commercial Aviation (MJ/Pkm) 1.95   1.32 1.31 1.36
Total Change in Energy Excluding Non-Commercial Aviation (PJ) 0.00   48.57 70.58 105.09

Energy Indicator Analysis
 
Change in Energy Due to (PJ)
Activity Effect 0.00   59.05 68.51 76.85
Structure Effect 0.00   78.52 92.50 107.73
Energy Efficiency Effect 0.00   -89.00 -90.43 -79.49

Total Freight Transportation
 
Total Energy Use (PJ) 908.94   1,099.64 1,158.25 1,209.64

Energy Use by Transportation Mode (PJ)
Light Trucks (0 to 3,855 kg [0 to 8,500 lb.]) 145.82   217.25 225.06 234.14
Medium Trucks (3,856 to 14,969 kg [8,501 to 33,000 lb.]) 157.10   289.13 296.54 311.97
Heavy Trucks (14,970 kg [33,001 lb.] or more) 408.19   441.29 466.74 488.10
Air 8.10   5.97 7.07 7.95
Rail 81.51   81.29 93.07 95.16
Marine 108.23   64.72 69.78 72.31

Energy Use by Energy Source (PJ)
Natural Gas 0.10   0.38 0.38 0.73
Motor Gasoline 229.45   362.47 370.95 380.61
Diesel Fuel Oil 601.39   693.48 737.24 775.71
Ethanol 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Biodiesel Fuel 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Light Fuel Oil and Kerosene 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Heavy Fuel Oil 61.40   31.31 36.67 38.78
Aviation Gasoline 0.03   0.04 0.05 0.04
Aviation Turbo Fuel 8.07   5.93 7.02 7.91
Propane 8.51   6.03 5.94 5.85

Activity
Tonne-kilometres (millions) 775,466   975,944 1,013,531 1,014,827
Energy Intensity (MJ/Tkm) 1.17   1.13 1.14 1.19
Total Change in Energy (PJ) 0.00   190.70 249.31 300.69

Energy Indicator Analysis
 
Change in Energy Due to (PJ)
Activity Effect 0.00   247.25 289.90 291.42
Structure Effect 0.00   236.23 229.67 215.30
Energy Efficiency Effect 0.00   -292.78 -270.27 -206.02

Truck – Freight Transportation
 
Total Energy Use (PJ) 711.11   947.67 988.33 1,034.21

Energy Use by Transportation Mode (PJ)
Light Trucks (0 to 3,855 kg [0 to 8,500 lb.]) 145.82   217.25 225.06 234.14
Medium Trucks (3,856 to 14,969 kg [8,501 to 33,000 lb.]) 157.10   289.13 296.54 311.97
Heavy Trucks (14,970 kg [33,001 lb.] or more) 408.19   441.29 466.74 488.10

Energy Use by Energy Source (PJ)
Natural Gas 0.10   0.38 0.38 0.73
Motor Gasoline 229.45   362.47 370.95 380.61
Diesel Fuel Oil 473.05   578.78 611.06 647.02
Ethanol 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Biodiesel Fuel 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Propane 8.51   6.03 5.94 5.85

Activity
Tonne-kilometres (millions) 240,128   373,423 381,244 356,175
Energy Intensity (MJ/Tkm) 2.96   2.54 2.59 2.90
Total Change in Energy (PJ) 0.00   236.56 277.22 323.10

Energy Indicator Analysis
 
Change in Energy Due to (PJ)
Activity Effect 0.00   204.39 240.96 242.25
Structure Effect 0.00   266.88 258.77 238.18
Energy Efficiency Effect 0.00   -234.71 -222.51 -157.33

Light Trucks (0 to 3,855 kg [0 to 8,500 lb.])
 
Total Energy Use (PJ) 145.82   217.25 225.06 234.14

Energy Use by Energy Source (PJ)
Natural Gas 0.06   0.10 0.08 0.07
Motor Gasoline 134.16   209.23 216.89 225.72
Diesel Fuel Oil 3.89   2.35 2.56 2.97
Ethanol 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Biodiesel Fuel 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Propane 7.72   5.57 5.53 5.38

Activity
Tonne-kilometres (millions) 17,540   31,176 32,597 34,271
Energy Intensity (MJ/Tkm) 8.31   6.97 6.90 6.83
Total Change in Energy (PJ) 0.00   71.42 79.23 88.31

Energy Indicator Analysis
 
Change in Energy Due to (PJ)
Activity Effect 0.00   40.24 48.60 48.89
Structure Effect 0.00   61.06 62.56 73.77
Energy Efficiency Effect 0.00   -29.88 -31.93 -34.35

Medium Trucks (3,856 to 14,969 kg [8,501 to 33,000 lb.])
 
Total Energy Use (PJ) 157.10   289.13 296.54 311.97

Energy Use by Energy Source (PJ)
Natural Gas 0.04   0.28 0.30 0.67
Motor Gasoline 95.29   153.24 154.06 154.89
Diesel Fuel Oil 60.98   135.15 141.77 155.94
Ethanol 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Biodiesel Fuel 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00
Propane 0.78   0.46 0.41 0.47

Activity
Tonne-kilometres (millions) 20,136   47,532 49,488 52,810
Energy Intensity (MJ/Tkm) 7.80   6.08 5.99 5.91
Total Change in Energy (PJ) 0.00   132.03 139.44 154.87

Energy Indicator Analysis
 
Change in Energy Due to (PJ)
Activity Effect 0.00   60.61 71.68 72.07
Structure Effect 0.00   135.80 136.54 155.91
Energy Efficiency Effect 0.00   -64.38 -68.78 -73.11

Heavy Trucks (14,970 kg [33,001 lb.] or more)
 
Total Energy Use (PJ) 408.19   441.29 466.74 488.10

Energy Use by Energy Source (PJ)
Diesel Fuel Oil 408.19   441.29 466.74 488.10
Biodiesel Fuel 0.00   0.00 0.00 0.00

Activity
Tonne-kilometres (millions) 202,453   294,716 299,160 269,094
Energy Intensity (MJ/Tkm) 2.02   1.50 1.56 1.81
Total Change in Energy (PJ) 0.00   33.10 58.55 79.92

Energy Indicator Analysis
 
Change in Energy Due to (PJ)
Activity Effect 0.00   103.53 120.68 121.29
Structure Effect 0.00   70.02 59.66 8.49
Energy Efficiency Effect 0.00   -140.45 -121.79 -49.87

Marine
 
Total Energy Use (PJ) 108.23   64.72 69.78 72.31

Energy Use by Energy Source (PJ)
Diesel Fuel Oil 46.83   33.40 33.11 33.53
Heavy Fuel Oil 61.40   31.31 36.67 38.78

Activity
Tonne-kilometres (millions) 210,499   204,085 205,533 206,981
Energy Intensity (MJ/Tkm) 0.51   0.32 0.34 0.35
Total Change in Energy (PJ) 0.00   -43.51 -38.44 -35.92

Energy Indicator Analysis
 
Change in Energy Due to (PJ)
Activity Effect 0.00   23.09 25.63 25.72
Structure Effect 0.00   -27.72 -29.78 -29.37
Energy Efficiency Effect 0.00   -38.88 -34.29 -32.26

Freight Rail
 
Total Energy Use (PJ) 81.51   81.29 93.07 95.16

Energy Use by Energy Source (PJ)
Diesel Fuel Oil 81.51   81.29 93.07 95.16

Activity
Tonne-kilometres (millions) 322,511   395,889 423,664 448,319
Energy Intensity (MJ/Tkm) 0.25   0.21 0.22 0.21
Total Change in Energy (PJ) 0.00   -0.22 11.56 13.66

Energy Indicator Analysis
 
Change in Energy Due to (PJ)
Activity Effect 0.00   18.16 21.45 21.57
Structure Effect 0.00   -1.63 0.98 6.18
Energy Efficiency Effect 0.00   -16.74 -10.87 -14.10

Freight Air
 
Total Energy Use (PJ) 8.10   5.97 7.07 7.95

Energy Use by Energy Source (PJ)
Aviation Gasoline 0.03   0.04 0.05 0.04
Aviation Turbo Fuel 8.07   5.93 7.02 7.91

Activity
Tonne-kilometres (millions) 2,327   2,547 3,090 3,352
Energy Intensity (MJ/Tkm) 3.48   2.34 2.29 2.37
Total Change in Energy (PJ) 0.00   -2.13 -1.03 -0.15

Energy Indicator Analysis
 
Change in Energy Due to (PJ)
Activity Effect 0.00   1.62 1.86 1.87
Structure Effect 0.00   -1.30 -0.29 0.31
Energy Efficiency Effect 0.00   -2.45 -2.61 -2.33

Footnotes:

1) “Off Road” includes vehicles not registered for on-road travel such as ATVs, snowmobiles, golf carts and some military vehicles.